Day 1 → learn Day 2 → quick review Day 4 → test yourself Day 7 → review again Draw mind maps, flow charts, or color-coded notes. For example, when studying the endocrine system, draw glands with arrows showing hormone flow. The brain remembers images better than plain text. Teach Someone Else Teaching or explaining a topic out loud forces you to organize your thoughts clearly. If you can explain it simply, you really understand it.
Thursday, October 9, 2025
Organ system
Category: General Anatomy and Physiology
The respiratory system is composed of organs that facilitate gas exchange between the blood and the external environment. Which of the following describes the group of organs that function during gas exchange?
Incorrect
Answer:
Organ system
A group of organs that work together to perform several related functions is an organ system.
Organelle refers to a specialized structure within a cell that performs a specific function necessary for the cell’s survival and operation. Organelles are often enclosed by membranes, which separate their internal environment from the rest of the cell, allowing them to carry out their roles efficiently.
Tissues are a collection of specialized cells that perform a specific functions (e.g. protection, support, nerve conduction and movement).
Organ refers to a group of tissues that has a specialized function.
Below is a model representing the hierarchy of the structure of the human body:
Which of the following structures is correctly paired with its function?
Which of the following structures is correctly paired with its function?
Incorrect
Answer:
Mouth-mechanical digestion.
Mouth – mechanical digestion: The mouth is the site where mechanical digestion begins. The teeth and tongue work to break down food into smaller pieces, which is further mixed with saliva to form a bolus for swallowing.
Colon – formation of chyme is incorrect, because the colon (large intestine) does not form chyme. Chyme is the semi-digested, partially liquid food formed in the stomach and passed into the small intestine. The colon primarily absorbs water and electrolytes and forms feces.
Small intestine – formation of feces is incorrect, because the small intestine is responsible for the digestion and absorption of nutrients, not the formation of feces. Feces are formed in the colon after water is absorbed from the undigested material.
Stomach – absorption of nutrients is incorrect, because the stomach’s primary role is to break down food using gastric juices and enzymes, forming chyme. Most nutrient absorption occurs in the small intestine, not the stomach. The stomach only absorbs a few substances, such as alcohol and some medications.
Category: Describe the Role of Microorganisms in Disease
Category: Describe the Role of Microorganisms in Disease
The generation of tension in a muscle is called __________.
Correct
Answer:
Contraction
The generation of tension in a muscle occurs during contraction, where muscle fibers shorten and generate force. This process involves the sliding of actin and myosin filaments within the muscle fibers.
Relaxation refers to the process where a muscle returns to its resting state after contraction, not the generation of tension.
Signaling refers to the transmission of electrical impulses (action potentials) that trigger muscle contraction, but it is not the process of generating tension itself.
Modulation refers to the adjustment or regulation of muscle activity, not the direct generation of tension.
Pulmonary artery or pulmonary arteries
Pulmonary artery or pulmonary arteries
The pulmonary artery carries blood from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs, where it will receive oxygen and release carbon dioxide. Unlike most arteries, which carry oxygenated blood, the pulmonary artery carries oxygen-poor blood to the lungs for gas exchange.
Once the blood is oxygenated in the lungs, it returns to the heart at the left atrium through the pulmonary vein. Once blood has been oxygenated and returns to the left side of the heart, it can be ejected by the left ventricle throughout the body via the aorta.
You may use the diagram below as a visual reference for the structure of the heart.
Cardiovascular System quiz
Category: Cardiovascular System
The _________________ is the blood vessel that carries oxygen-depleted blood away from the heart.
(Type the correct response in the box below.)
(pulmonary artery,pulmonary arteries,pulmonary artery,pulmonary arteries)
Chemical Reactions
Category: Describe Chemical Reactions
Balance the following chemical equation:
CH4 + Cl2 → CCl4 + HCl
To balance equations, it is helpful to write down the number of atoms of each element present in both the reactants and products. Change the coefficients of the reactants and products until the same number of atoms of each element is present on both sides of the reaction arrow.
CH4 + Cl2 → CCl4 + HCl
C: 1 C: 1
H: 4 H: 1
Cl: 2 Cl: 5
CH4 + Cl2 → CCl4 + 4 HCl
C: 1 C: 1
H: 4 H: 4
Cl: 2 Cl: 5
CH4 + 4 Cl2 → CCl4 + 4 HCl
C: 1 C: 1
H: 4 H: 4
Cl: 8 Cl: 8
Carbon (C):
1 carbon atom on both sides → balanced.
Hydrogen (H):
Left side: 4 H atoms from CH₄.
Right side: Each HCl contains 1 H, so need 4 HCl to balance.
Chlorine (Cl):
Right side: 4 Cl in CCl₄ + 4 Cl in 4 HCl = 8 Cl atoms total.
Cl₂ molecule contains 2 Cl atoms → need 4 Cl₂ to get 8 Cl atoms.
Physical Properties and Changes in Matter
A gas is a substance with no definite volume and no definite shape. Solids and liquids have volumes that do not change easily.
A solid has a definite shape and volume. There are two kinds of solids—crystalline and amorphous.
Liquids can occupy whatever shape their container has, so they do not have a fixed shape. Because the particles in liquids are very close together (barely further apart than in solids) liquids do not easily compress, so their volume is fixed.
Category: Explain the Physical Properties and Changes in Matter
Which of the following descriptions is correct?
an observation of an experiment or
When I added fertilizer to my plants, they grew more quickly: This is an observation of an experiment or event that happened, but it is not a hypothesis. It does not predict the outcome or establish a cause-effect relationship. It would be more of a conclusion derived from testing a hypothesis.
hypothesis
a student gets more sleep, they will get a higher test score.
A hypothesis is a testable prediction or statement about the relationship between variables in an experiment. It typically follows an “If… then…” structure, where the “If” part refers to the cause or independent variable, and the “then” part refers to the effect or dependent variable. In this case, the hypothesis is making a specific prediction: if a student gets more sleep, then their test score will improve. This statement can be tested through experimentation, where the amount of sleep is controlled and test scores are measured.
Collecting duct: Involved in water reabsorption, especially under the influence of ADH,
Collecting duct: Involved in water reabsorption, especially under the influence of ADH, but not glucose reabsorption.
Loop of Henle: Primarily responsible for the reabsorption of water and salts.
Loop of Henle: Primarily responsible for the reabsorption of water and salts.
Glucose is reabsorbed primarily in the proximal convoluted tubu
Glucose is reabsorbed primarily in the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) of the nephron. The cells of the PCT have transport proteins that actively reabsorb glucose from the filtrate back into the bloodstream, under normal conditions, ensuring that glucose is not lost in the urine.
In which segment of the nephron is glucose reabsorbed?
Genitourinary System
In which segment of the nephron is glucose reabsorbed?
Erythropoietin
Erythropoietin is produced in the kidney in response
to low levels of oxygen (hypoxia) in order to stimulate production of red blood cells.
During dehydration, secretions of antidiuretic hormone
During dehydration, secretions of antidiuretic hormone, renin, and aldosterone are increased in order to prevent further loss of water in the urine.
Which of the following hormones is not increased in response to dehydration?
Which of the following hormones is not increased in response to dehydration?
Diffusion
Diffusion is the net movement of molecules or atoms from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration
Diffusion is a passive movement (meaning that no additional energy is needed to facilitate the movement) of particles (atoms, ions or molecules) from a region in which they are in higher concentration to regions of lower concentration. This process continues until the concentration of substances is uniform (equivalent) throughout.
Gas exchange for respiration is an example of diffusion — oxygen from blood to tissue cells, carbon dioxide in the opposite direction.
Osmosis is also an example of diffusion— diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane.
Which of the following statements about diffusion is true?
Category: Understand Properties of Solutions
Which of the following statements about diffusion is true?
Please select all that apply.
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